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ApertureDB

ApertureDB 是一个用于存储、索引和管理多模态数据（如文本、图像、视频、边界框和嵌入向量）及其相关元数据的数据库。

本笔记本介绍了如何使用 ApertureDB 的嵌入功能。

安装 ApertureDB Python SDK​

这将安装用于编写 ApertureDB 客户端代码的 Python SDK。

%pip install --upgrade --quiet aperturedb
Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.

运行 ApertureDB 实例​

要继续，您需要具备一个ApertureDB 实例已启动并运行并配置您的环境以使用它。
有多种方法可以实现这一点，例如：

docker run --publish 55555:55555 aperturedata/aperturedb-standalone
adb config create local --active --no-interactive

下载一些网络文档

我们将在此对单个网页进行微型爬取。

# For loading documents from web
from langchain_community.document_loaders import WebBaseLoader

loader = WebBaseLoader("https://docs.aperturedata.io")
docs = loader.load()
API 参考：WebBaseLoader
USER_AGENT environment variable not set, consider setting it to identify your requests.

选择嵌入模型

我们希望使用 OllamaEmbeddings，因此需要导入必要的模块。

Ollama 可以设置为 Docker 容器，如文档中所述，例如：

# Run server
docker run -d -v ollama:/root/.ollama -p 11434:11434 --name ollama ollama/ollama
# Tell server to load a specific model
docker exec ollama ollama run llama2
from langchain_community.embeddings import OllamaEmbeddings

embeddings = OllamaEmbeddings()
API 参考：OllamaEmbeddings

将文档拆分为片段​

我们希望将单个文档拆分为多个片段。

from langchain_text_splitters import RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter

text_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter()
documents = text_splitter.split_documents(docs)

从文档和嵌入创建向量存储​

此代码在 ApertureDB 实例中创建一个向量存储。 在该实例中，此向量存储表示为"描述符集"。 默认情况下，描述符集命名为 langchain。以下代码将为每个文档生成嵌入，并将它们作为描述符存储在 ApertureDB 中。由于正在生成嵌入，此过程需要几秒钟时间。

from langchain_community.vectorstores import ApertureDB

vector_db = ApertureDB.from_documents(documents, embeddings)
API 参考：ApertureDB

选择大型语言模型

同样，我们使用之前为本地处理设置的 Ollama 服务器。

from langchain_community.llms import Ollama

llm = Ollama(model="llama2")
API 参考：Ollama

构建 RAG 链​

现在，我们已具备构建 RAG（检索增强生成）链所需的所有组件。该链执行以下操作：

  1. 为用户查询生成嵌入描述符
  2. 使用向量存储查找与用户查询相似的文本片段
  3. 使用提示模板将用户查询和上下文文档传递给大语言模型
  4. 返回大语言模型的回答
# Create prompt
from langchain_core.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate

prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_template("""Answer the following question based only on the provided context:

<context>
{context}
</context>

Question: {input}""")


# Create a chain that passes documents to an LLM
from langchain.chains.combine_documents import create_stuff_documents_chain

document_chain = create_stuff_documents_chain(llm, prompt)


# Treat the vectorstore as a document retriever
retriever = vector_db.as_retriever()


# Create a RAG chain that connects the retriever to the LLM
from langchain.chains import create_retrieval_chain

retrieval_chain = create_retrieval_chain(retriever, document_chain)
Based on the provided context, ApertureDB can store images. In fact, it is specifically designed to manage multimodal data such as images, videos, documents, embeddings, and associated metadata including annotations. So, ApertureDB has the capability to store and manage images.

运行 RAG 链​

最后，我们将一个问题传递给链并获取答案。由于大语言模型需要根据查询和上下文文档生成答案，此过程需要几秒钟才能完成。

user_query = "How can ApertureDB store images?"
response = retrieval_chain.invoke({"input": user_query})
print(response["answer"])
Based on the provided context, ApertureDB can store images in several ways:

1. Multimodal data management: ApertureDB offers a unified interface to manage multimodal data such as images, videos, documents, embeddings, and associated metadata including annotations. This means that images can be stored along with other types of data in a single database instance.
2. Image storage: ApertureDB provides image storage capabilities through its integration with the public cloud providers or on-premise installations. This allows customers to host their own ApertureDB instances and store images on their preferred cloud provider or on-premise infrastructure.
3. Vector database: ApertureDB also offers a vector database that enables efficient similarity search and classification of images based on their semantic meaning. This can be useful for applications where image search and classification are important, such as in computer vision or machine learning workflows.

Overall, ApertureDB provides flexible and scalable storage options for images, allowing customers to choose the deployment model that best suits their needs.